Since its founding, the Proceedings of the Physico-Medical Society of Würzburg have served as the central scientific publication organ of the Physico-Medica, where primarily original research findings were published.

The first two volumes of the Proceedings were published by the Ferdinand Enke Verlag in Erlangen. Beginning with the third volume, published in 1852, the Stahel'sche Bookstore in Würzburg took over printing and distribution. The publication of the Proceedings ceased with the tenth volume in 1860. From 1861 to 1867, the Physico-Medical Society published two other periodicals instead: the Würzburg Medical Journal and the Würzburg Natural Science Journal. After these were discontinued, the Proceedings of the Physico-Medical Society were reestablished with a new addition to title: New Series. From 1868/69, the journal was published by Stahel'sche Art and Bookstore. The editing of the volumes continued to be overseen by prominent members of the society, such as Professors Albert von Koelliker (1817–1905) and Friedrich Wilhelm Scanzoni von Lichtenfels (1821–1891).

The Proceedings also included printed reports of the meetings of the Physico-Medica from the years 1849 to 1859 and from 1868/69 to 1934/35, although these were only compiled in a separate section of each annual volume starting in 1852. Between 1860 and 1866/67, the reports were published simultaneously in two other periodicals, also issued by the Society, which temporarily replaced the Proceedings: the Würzburg Medical Journal and the Würzburg Natural Science Journal.